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Mutual historical accusations between the DPRK and Japan

https://doi.org/10.24412/2500-2872-2021-2-78-91

Abstract

International relations in Northeast Asia are particularly attuned to fluctuations of collective memory and the parties’ evolving perception of their common past. In the past 70 years Tokyo and Pyongyang have failed to establish official ties, and historical differences became a major point of contention. After Korea was liberated and later divided, Japan and the DPRK found themselves in different political ‘camps’, which exacerbated Pyongyang’s distrust of its former oppressor. Normalization talks of the 1990s had a rough start since the parties found it difficult to settle the issues of apologies and compensations for decades of colonial rule. The long-awaited summits in the early 2000s failed to bring a diplomatic breakthrough. Japanese society was enraged at North Korea’s admission that Pyongyang was responsible for abductions of Japanese citizens in the 1970-1980s. This confirmation and the media’s efforts to politicize the issue solidified support for the nationalists, who later came to power and cut all of Japan’s loose ties with the North. In the realms of public consciousness and politics, this relatively new issue has taken the place usually reserved for matters of troubled history. The discourse on abductions helps nationalists garner support. It also contributes to forming collective political identity vis-à-vis an external enemy, and provides the public a respite from constant accusations from former colonies by letting them try on the victim’s shoes for once. The methods used to promote Japan’s view (a peculiar union between NGOs and the government) and their political results bring this issue closer to historical problems. The enraged public clamors for punishment for foreign perpetrators and rejects any diplomatic compromise (which would have actually helped to resolve the issue), and so the bilateral ties fall apart. North Korea’s symmetrical response is also quite symptomatic: Pyongyang now constantly criticizes Japan, bringing up all its ‘wrongdoings’ from modern times back to the Middle Ages. Northeast Asia is troubled enough even without historical differences, with the threat of military conflict always looming on the horizon. That is why it is very concerning to see how both allies and opponents are eager to exploit nationalistic sentiments for short-term political gain.

About the Author

I. V. Dyachkov
MGIMO University; Institute of Oriental Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Russian Federation


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Review

For citations:


Dyachkov I.V. Mutual historical accusations between the DPRK and Japan. Japanese Studies in Russia. 2021;(2):78-91. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.24412/2500-2872-2021-2-78-91

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