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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">japanjournal</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Японские исследования</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Japanese Studies in Russia</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2500-2872</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Association of Japanologists; Institute of China and Modern Asia of the Russian Academy of Sciences</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24412/2500-2872-2021-3-57-75</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">japanjournal-97</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Пандемия COVID-19 и её влияние на экономику Японии</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The COVID-19 pandemic and its impact on the Japanese economy</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5208-7273</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дёмина</surname><given-names>Я. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dyomina</surname><given-names>Y. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">yandemi@yandex.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7978-7904</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мазитова</surname><given-names>М. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mazitova</surname><given-names>M. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">mazitova@ecrin.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт экономических исследований ДВО РАН</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of the Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>28</day><month>12</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>57</fpage><lpage>75</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Дёмина Я.В., Мазитова М.Г., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Дёмина Я.В., Мазитова М.Г.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Dyomina Y.V., Mazitova M.G.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.japanjournal.ru/jour/article/view/97">https://www.japanjournal.ru/jour/article/view/97</self-uri><abstract><p>Статья содержит обзор ситуации с распространением COVID-19 в Японии и оценку влияния пандемии на экономику страны. По состоянию на начало августа 2021 г. число случаев заражения коронавирусом в Японии превысило 0,9 млн, из них летальных исходов - более 15 тыс. В то же время в мире число инфицированных превысило 198 млн, а летальных исходов - 4,2 млн. В первую пятёрку стран по количеству случаев заражения входят США, Индия, Бразилия, Россия и Франция. Япония по этому показателю занимает 33-е место в мире. В стране Восходящего солнца ситуация с распространением коронавируса не столь серьёзная, как в упомянутых государствах, однако её экономика также понесла существенный урон. По итогам 2020 г. ВВП Японии снизился на 4,7 % (его спад оценивался разными международными организациями в пределах от 4,7 до 7,3 %). Принятие трёх дополнительных бюджетов для финансирования пакетов антикризисных мер увеличило нагрузку на государственный бюджет. В итоге доля заимствований в годовых поступлениях составила 64,1 %, что существенно превышает показатели 2009 г. (52,1 %), когда в мире разразился финансовый кризис. Также выросла безработица (впервые за 11 лет), а в числе наиболее пострадавших от пандемии отраслей оказались автомобилестроение, туризм и общественное питание. Олимпийские игры в Токио прошли без зрителей (как иностранных, так и местных), соответственно, 4 трлн иен, в которые оценивались расходы зарубежных туристов, местные фирмы не получили. Пандемия также отрицательно сказалась на функционировании цепочек поставок, снизив объёмы внешней торговли Японии в первой половине 2020 г. Однако её динамика быстро продемонстрировала положительный тренд. Распространение коронавируса вызвало рост продаж в онлайн-торговле, а также спровоцировало «перестройку» национального рынка труда (в связи с введением противоэпидемиологических мер существенно увеличилась доля работающих дистанционно). В целом пандемия негативно сказалась на экономике и обществе Японии. Но правительство страны в каждом кризисе видит возможности. Так, ожидается, что одним из последствий пандемии станут структурные изменения в экономике, а местные фирмы будут больше инвестировать в цифровизацию и зелёные технологии.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The article overviews the COVID-19 situation in Japan and its impact on the country's economy. As of the beginning of August 2021, the cumulative cases of coronavirus in Japan reached 0.9 million, of which about 15 thousand were lethal. At the same time, the cumulative cases in the world exceeded 198 million, and deaths - 4.2 million. The top five countries in terms of cumulative cases include the United States, India, Brazil, Russia, and France. According to this indicator, Japan ranks 33rd in the world. In Japan, the COVID-19 situation is not as serious as in the abovementioned states. However, its economy has also suffered significant damage. Japan's GDP decreased by 4.7 % in 2020 (its decline was estimated in the range from 4.7 to 7.3 %). Three additional budgets to finance anti-crisis packages have increased state budget borrowings. As a result, the share of borrowings amounted to 64.1 %, which is significantly higher than in 2009 (52.1 %) - the year of the global financial crisis. Unemployment increased for the first time in 11 years, and automotive industry, tourism, and public catering were among the industries most affected by the pandemic. The Olympic Games in Tokyo were held without spectators (both foreign and local), and local firms could not gain the 4 trillion yen which was estimated to be the expenses of foreign tourists. The pandemic also had a negative impact on value chains, reducing Japan's foreign trade in the first half of 2020. However, its dynamics recovered quickly. COVID-19 caused an increase in online trade, and also provoked a "restructuring" of the national labor market (due to anti-epidemic measures, the share of remote workers has significantly increased). In general, the pandemic has had a negative impact on the economy and society of Japan. But the national government sees an opportunity in every crisis. Thus, it is expected that one of the consequences of the pandemic will be structural changes in the economy, and local firms will invest more in digitalization and green technologies.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Япония</kwd><kwd>пандемия COVID-19</kwd><kwd>коронавирус</kwd><kwd>последствия пандемии</kwd><kwd>экономическая политика</kwd><kwd>меры государственной поддержки</kwd><kwd>внешняя торговля</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Japan</kwd><kwd>COVID-19 pandemic</kwd><kwd>coronavirus</kwd><kwd>consequences of the pandemic</kwd><kwd>economic policy</kwd><kwd>government support measures</kwd><kwd>foreign trade</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Белов А.В., Тихоцкая И.С. 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