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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">japanjournal</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Японские исследования</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Japanese Studies in Russia</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2500-2872</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Association of Japanologists; Institute of China and Modern Asia of the Russian Academy of Sciences</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24412/2500-2872-2021-1-101-120</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">japanjournal-83</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Вименомика: достижения и проблемы</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Womenomics: achievements and problems</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лебедева</surname><given-names>И. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lebedeva</surname><given-names>I. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">iplebedeva2019@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт востоковедения РАН</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of Oriental Studies Russian Academy of Sciences</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>28</day><month>12</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>101</fpage><lpage>120</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Лебедева И.П., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Лебедева И.П.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Lebedeva I.P.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.japanjournal.ru/jour/article/view/83">https://www.japanjournal.ru/jour/article/view/83</self-uri><abstract><p>Вименомика (womenomics), целью которой было создание условий для расширения участия женщин в экономике, может быть оценена как достаточно успешное направление экономической политики премьер-министра С. Абэ, получившей название абэномика (abenomics). Благодаря целому ряду мер, предпринятых правительством С. Абэ, за 2012-2019 гг. число работающих японок возросло почти на 3 млн человек, в том числе и за счёт расширения занятости среди женщин наиболее проблемных возрастов (от 25 до 44 лет), Если в 2012 г. среди последних работали порядка 2/3, то в 2019 г. - уже более 3/4. При этом произошли и некоторые подвижки в модели занятости этих женщин, а именно, среди них возросла доля постоянных работников и снизилась доля непостоянно занятых. Наблюдался также массовый выход на рынок труда «домохозяек со стажем», т.е. женщин в возрасте 45-54 года, и хотя большинство из них заняли места непостоянных работников, некоторое повышение доли постоянно занятых произошло и в этой группе. Представляется, что дальнейшие усилия по улучшению условий для совмещения женщинами работы и семейных обязанностей смогут не только расширить их участие в экономике, но и привести к повышению рождаемости. По опросам, абсолютное большинство японских семейных пар хотели бы иметь, по меньшей мере, двух детей, но одним из главных препятствий к рождению второго ребёнка является вопрос о том, как это отразится на работе супруги. Это тем более важно, что повышение фертильности за счёт увеличения доли состоящих в браке среди молодых японок пока представляется маловероятным. Хотя пандемия коронавируса в целом отрицательно сказалась на женской занятости, приведя к сокращению её масштабов, по мере возвращения экономики в нормальное русло ситуация начала улучшаться, и, к осени 2020 г. в группе японок проблемных возрастов (25-44 года) приток женщин на рынок труда не только компенсировал, но даже превысил вызванный пандемией отток. При этом по сравнению с предкризисным уровнем доля постоянных работников среди них даже повысилась. Можно предположить, что толчок, который пандемия дала развитию разного рода гибких форм работы, в том числе и в сфере постоянной занятости, в целом может благотворно сказаться на возможностях совмещения женщинами работы и семейных обязанностей.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Womenomics , which aimed to create conditions to increase the participation of women in the economy, can be assessed as a fairly successful direction of Abenomics , the economic policy of Prime Minister S. Abe. Thanks to a number of measures taken by the government of S. Abe, in the period of 2012-2019, the number of working Japanese women increased by almost 3 million, in particular, due to the expansion of employment among women of the most problematic ages (25 to 44 years old). While in 2012, among the latter, about 2/3 worked, in 2019, the share was already more than 3/4. At the same time, there have been some shifts in the employment model of these women. Namely, among them, the proportion of permanent workers has increased and the proportion of non-permanent employees has decreased. There was also a massive entry into the labor market of “housewives with experience”, i.e., women aged 45-54 years, and although most of them became non-permanent workers, a slight increase in the share of those permanently employed occurred in this group as well. It seems that further efforts to improve conditions for women to combine work and family responsibilities will not only increase their participation in the economy, but also lead to an increase in the fertility rate. This is especially important since an increase in fertility due to an increase in the proportion of married women among the young Japanese still seems problematic. Although the coronavirus pandemic as a whole had a negative impact on female employment, leading to a decrease in its scale, as the economy returned to normal, the situation began to improve, and, by the autumn of 2020, among the problematic ages (25-44 years old), the influx of women to the labor market not only compensated, but even exceeded the outflow caused by the pandemic. At the same time, compared with the pre-crisis level, the share of permanent workers among them even increased. It can be supposed that the impetus given by the pandemic to the development of various kinds of flexible forms of work, including the field of permanent employment, may generally have a beneficial effect on the possibilities for women to combine work and family responsibilities.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Япония</kwd><kwd>вименомика</kwd><kwd>работа</kwd><kwd>семья</kwd><kwd>рынок труда</kwd><kwd>образование</kwd><kwd>фертильность</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Japan</kwd><kwd>womenomics</kwd><kwd>work</kwd><kwd>family</kwd><kwd>labor market</kwd><kwd>education</kwd><kwd>fertility</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Лебедева И.П. О модели занятости японских женщин // Ежегодник Япония 2019. Москва: Институт востоковедения РАН, 2019. Том 48. С. 106-131. 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