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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">japanjournal</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Японские исследования</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Japanese Studies in Russia</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2500-2872</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Association of Japanologists; Institute of China and Modern Asia of the Russian Academy of Sciences</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24411/2500-2872-2020-10027</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">japanjournal-71</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Новая стратегия пространственного развития Японии: вызовы XXI века</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Japan's new spatial development strategy: challenges of the 21st century</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тимонина</surname><given-names>И. Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Timonina</surname><given-names>I. L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">timonina2000@yahoo.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>МГУ; МГИМО (У) МИД РФ; Институт востоковедения РАН; Российская академия народного хозяйства и государственной службы при Президенте РФ</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Moscow State University; MGIMO University; Institute of Oriental Studies; The Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>28</day><month>12</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>40</fpage><lpage>63</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Тимонина И.Л., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Тимонина И.Л.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Timonina I.L.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.japanjournal.ru/jour/article/view/71">https://www.japanjournal.ru/jour/article/view/71</self-uri><abstract><p>Социально-экономические последствия региональной неравномерности и в XXI веке остаются одной из серьёзных проблем развития Японии. Несмотря на определённые успехи региональной экономической политики, основные количественные показатели территориально-экономических пропорций/диспропорций мало изменились за последние 30 лет. Вместе с тем целый ряд внутренних и внешних факторов обусловил необходимость корректировки подходов к региональному стратегическому планированию. Среди них глобализация и изменение позиционирования Японии на мировом рынке, частичная потеря конкурентных позиций на азиатских рынках, нарастание конкуренции между «интернациональными» городами за иностранные инвестиции. Среди внутренних факторов - сокращение населения Японии темпами выше ожидавшихся ранее, изменение образа жизни людей и сдвиги в их системе ценностей, возрастание значимости таких её составляющих как стабильность, безопасность, благоприятные экологические условия, привлекательные ландшафты, диверсификация стилей жизни. В основу Новой стратегии пространственного развития XXI века положена идея создания многослойной «компактной и сетевой территориальной структуры», в рамках которой должна быть обеспечена доступность социальных услуг для жителей всех населённых пунктов на основе оптимизации социальной инфраструктуры и формирования «новых городских ядер». Экономическое развитие регионов должно концентрироваться на развитии отраслей, опирающихся на местные ресурсы и учитывающих местную специфику, а также создание «экосистем» инноваций. Наряду с оживлением региональной и сельской экономики Новая пространственная стратегия Японии нацелена на корректировку избыточной концентрации населения и экономического потенциала крупных мегаполисов (в первую очередь Токийского) и одновременно укрепление их глобальной конкурентоспособности. В качестве необходимых условий для достижения амбициозных целей в Стратегии называется обеспечение экономического роста, повышение производительности труда в промышленности, создание инноваций за счёт региональных ресурсов и межрегионального сотрудничества, активизация участия женщин и пожилых людей в трудовой деятельности и общественной жизни, использование современных умных (smart) технологий, форматов шеринговой экономики. Традиционным императивом при формулировании стратегии пространственного развития Японии остаётся очевидное стремление решать проблемы территориальной неравномерности в комплексе с решением других социально-экономических проблем страны, в частности проблем экологии, демографического спада (который особенно заметен в регионах), вопросов совершенствования производственной и социальной инфраструктуры.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The socio-economic consequences of regional unevenness remain one of the major problems of Japan's development in the 21st century. Despite some success in regional economic policy, the main quantitative indicators of territorial-economic proportions/imbalances have changed little over the past 30 years. However, a number of internal and external factors have made it necessary to adjust approaches to regional strategic planning. These include globalization and the changing positioning of Japan in the world market, the partial loss of competitive positions in Asian markets, and increased competition between “international” cities for foreign investment. Internal factors include the decline of the Japanese population at a rate higher than previously expected, changes in people's lifestyles and shifts in their value system, the increasing importance of such of its components as stability, security, favorable environmental conditions, attractive landscapes, and diversification of lifestyles. The new national spatial strategy of the 21st century is based on the idea of creating a multi-layered “compact and networked territorial structure”, which should ensure the availability of social services for residents of all localities by optimizing the social infrastructure and forming “new urban cores”. The economic development of regions should focus on the development of industries that rely on local resources and take into account local specifics, as well as the creation of “ecosystems” of innovations. Along with reviving the regional and rural economy, Japan's new spatial strategy also aims to adjust the concentration of population and economic potential of large megacities (primarily Tokyo) and at the same time strengthen their global competitiveness. As necessary conditions for achieving ambitious goals, the Spatial Strategy calls for achieving economic growth, increasing industrial productivity, building innovation through regional resources and interregional cooperation, increasing the participation of women and older people in work and public life, using modern “smart” technologies and sharing economy formats. The traditional imperative in formulating Japan's spatial development strategy remains the obvious desire to solve the problems of territorial unevenness in conjunction with solving other socio-economic problems of the country, in particular the problems of ecology and demographic decline (which is especially noticeable in the regions), issues of improving production and social infrastructure.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Япония</kwd><kwd>региональное развитие</kwd><kwd>стратегия пространственного развития</kwd><kwd>цели устойчивого развития</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Japan</kwd><kwd>regional development</kwd><kwd>spatial development strategy</kwd><kwd>sustainable development goals</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Рэйва 2 нэмпан тихо дзайсэй хакусё : [Белая книга по местным финансам 2020]. 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