<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">japanjournal</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Японские исследования</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Japanese Studies in Russia</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2500-2872</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Association of Japanologists; Institute of China and Modern Asia of the Russian Academy of Sciences</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.55105/2500-2872-2026-2-118-133</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">japanjournal-691</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ИССЛЕДОВАТЕЛЬСКИЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>RESEARCH ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Денежное обращение в Японии в XVII веке: предыстория и эволюция триметаллической системы</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Money circulation in Japan in the 17th century: Background and evolution of the trimetallic system</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0002-1862-8317</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Прасол</surname><given-names>А. Ф.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Prasol</surname><given-names>A. F.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Прасол Александр Федорович, доктор исторических наук, ведущий научный сотрудник</p><p>г. Владивосток, ул. Пушкинская, д. 89</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Prasol Alexander F., Doctor of Historical Sciences, Leading Researcher</p><p>Vladivostok, Pushkinskaya Street, 89</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">aprasol@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт истории, археологии и этнографии народов Дальнего Востока ДВО РАН</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of History, Archaeology, and Ethnography of the Peoples of the Far East, Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>09</day><month>08</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>118</fpage><lpage>133</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Прасол А.Ф., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Прасол А.Ф.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Prasol A.F.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.japanjournal.ru/jour/article/view/691">https://www.japanjournal.ru/jour/article/view/691</self-uri><abstract><p>В статье анализируется ранний этап эволюции денежной системы Японии — от первых медных монет до формирования триметаллической модели в начале эпохи Токугава. Первые медные монеты в Японии начали выплавлять по китайскому образцу в конце VII в. Они использовались для денежных расчетов и в ритуальных целях, но со временем вышли из употребления из-за недостатка сырья и физического износа монет (в указе о запрете использования японских монет 987 года в качестве причины указывался их износ; кроме того, китайские монеты было приказано продолжать использовать несмотря на слабость товарно-денежных отношений). Следующие шестьсот лет Япония пользовалась монетами китайского производства. Открытие в XVI в. серебряных и золотых рудников позволило начать выпуск собственных монет и обусловило переход к сложной триметаллической системе расчетов. В начале XVII в. с приходом к власти Токугава Иэясу начался процесс централизации денежной системы. В статье содержится описание малоизвестных деталей изготовления и использования золотых и серебряных монет того времени, атакже анализ исторического контекста появления первых бумажных денег и их официального признания. Истощение казны, связанное с ростом расходов пятого сёгуна Цунаёси, и развитие экономики вынудили правительство провести денежную реформу, в ходе которой 80% всех золотых и серебряных монет были переплавлены с уменьшением содержания в них драгоценных металлов и снижением номинальной стоимости. Реформа способствовала увеличению денежной массы и оживлению экономики, хотя и вызвала инфляцию, повышение цен и недовольство населения. В заключении содержится вывод о том, что эволюция денежного обращения в Японии была тесно связана с процессами политической централизации и социальноэкономических преобразований. Триметаллическая система и методы ее реформирования стали не только инструментами товарного обмена, но и важным рычагом государственной политики, продемонстрировав возможности финансовых инструментов для стабилизации денежного обращения и стимулирования экономики. Статья дополняет знания в области экономической истории Японии и развития денежных систем в раннее новое время. </p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The article analyzes the early stage of the evolution of Japan's monetary system — from the first copper coins to the formation of the trimetallic model at the beginning of the Tokugawa era. The first copper coins in Japan began to be minted according to the Chinese model at the end of the 7th century. They were used for monetary transactions and ritual purposes, but eventually fell out of use due to a shortage of raw materials and physical wear of the coins (the 987 decree banning the use of Japanese coins cites their wear as the reason; moreover, it orders the continued use of Chinese coins despite the weakness of commodity-money relations). For the next 600 years, Japan used coins produced in China. The discovery of silver and gold mines in the 16th century allowed Japan to start producing its own coins and led to the transition to a complex trimetallic money system. At the beginning of the 17th century, with the coming to power of Tokugawa Ieyasu, the process of centralizing the monetary system began. The article describes little-known details of the manufacture and use of gold and silver coins of that time, as well as an analysis of the historical context of the appearance of the first paper money and its official recognition. The depletion of the treasury, linked to the increased spending of the fifth shogun, Tsunayoshi, and economic development forced the government to carry out a monetary reform, during which 80% of all gold and silver coins were re-minted with a reduction in their precious metal content and a decrease in their nominal value. The reform contributed to an increase in the money supply and economic revitalization, although it caused inflation, price increases, and public discontent. The conclusion is that the evolution of monetary circulation in Japan was closely linked to the processes of political centralization and socio-economic transformation. The trimetallic system and methods of its reform became not only instruments of commodity exchange, but also an important lever of state policy, demonstrating the potential of financial instruments to stabilize monetary circulation and stimulate the economy. The article adds to our knowledge of Japan's economic history and the development of monetary systems in the early modern period. </p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>деньги эпохи Токугава</kwd><kwd>триметаллическая система</kwd><kwd>денежно-рисовая экономика</kwd><kwd>реформа годов Гэнроку</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Tokugawa-era money</kwd><kwd>trimetallic system</kwd><kwd>monetary-rice economy</kwd><kwd>Genroku reforms</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Fukai, Masaumi. (2012). Tsunayoshi and Yoshimune. Nihon Kinsei-no Rekishi 3 [Tsunayoshi and Yoshimune. History of Modern Japan, Vol. 3]. Tokyo: Yoshikawa kobunkan. (In Japanese).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Fukai, Masaumi. (2012). Tsunayoshi and Yoshimune. Nihon Kinsei-no Rekishi 3 [Tsunayoshi and Yoshimune. History of Modern Japan, Vol. 3]. Tokyo: Yoshikawa kobunkan. (In Japanese).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Imamura, Keiji. (2001). Fuhonsen to nazo-no ginsen, kahei tanjo-no shinsho [The True Story of the Appearance of Copper and Mysterious Silver Coins]. Tokyo: Shogakukan. (In Japanese).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Imamura, Keiji. (2001). Fuhonsen to nazo-no ginsen, kahei tanjo-no shinsho [The True Story of the Appearance of Copper and Mysterious Silver Coins]. Tokyo: Shogakukan. (In Japanese).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kobata, Atsushi. (1958). Nihon-no kahei [Coins of Japan]. Tokyo: Shibundo. (In Japanese).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kobata, Atsushi. (1958). Nihon-no kahei [Coins of Japan]. Tokyo: Shibundo. (In Japanese).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kobata, Atsushi. (2013). Nihon kozanshi-no kenkyū [History of Japanese Mines]. Tokyo: Iwanami shoten. (In Japanese).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kobata, Atsushi. (2013). Nihon kozanshi-no kenkyū [History of Japanese Mines]. Tokyo: Iwanami shoten. (In Japanese).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Matsumura, Keiji. (2007). Fuhonsen ga katarihajimeta koto [What the Fuhonsen Coins Told Us]. Bulletin of the Bank of Japan, 9, 28—31. (In Japanese).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Matsumura, Keiji. (2007). Fuhonsen ga katarihajimeta koto [What the Fuhonsen Coins Told Us]. Bulletin of the Bank of Japan, 9, 28—31. (In Japanese).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Matsumura, Keiji. (2012). Wado Ginsen o Meguru Shiteki Kento [Problems of the Historical Approach to Wado Ginsen Coins]. Collection “Cultural Heritage”, Journal of Nara Cultural Studies, 92 (4), 367—378. (In Japanese).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Matsumura, Keiji. (2012). Wado Ginsen o Meguru Shiteki Kento [Problems of the Historical Approach to Wado Ginsen Coins]. Collection “Cultural Heritage”, Journal of Nara Cultural Studies, 92 (4), 367—378. (In Japanese).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mikami, Ryūzō. (1996). Edo-no kahei monogatari [Tales of Edo Money]. Tokyo: Toyo keizai simposha. (In Japanese).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mikami, Ryūzō. (1996). Edo-no kahei monogatari [Tales of Edo Money]. Tokyo: Toyo keizai simposha. (In Japanese).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Murai, Atsushi. (2007). Kanjō Bugyō Ogihara Shigehide Shōgai [The Life of Kanjō Bugyō Ogihara Shigehide]. Tokyo: Shūeisha shinsho. (In Japanese).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Murai, Atsushi. (2007). Kanjō Bugyō Ogihara Shigehide Shōgai [The Life of Kanjō Bugyō Ogihara Shigehide]. Tokyo: Shūeisha shinsho. (In Japanese).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Senoo, Morio. (1970). Waga Kuni-no Shihei Seido-no Genryū ni Tsuite [On the Origin of the Paper Money System in Our Country]. Monthly Reports from the Bank of Japan, 2, 4—15. (In Japanese).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Senoo, Morio. (1970). Waga Kuni-no Shihei Seido-no Genryū ni Tsuite [On the Origin of the Paper Money System in Our Country]. Monthly Reports from the Bank of Japan, 2, 4—15. (In Japanese).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Takizawa, Takeo. (1996). Nihon-no Kahei-no Rekishi [History of Japanese Coins]. Tokyo: Yoshikawa kobunkan. (In Japanese).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Takizawa, Takeo. (1996). Nihon-no Kahei-no Rekishi [History of Japanese Coins]. Tokyo: Yoshikawa kobunkan. (In Japanese).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Takizawa, Takeo &amp; Nishiwaki, Yasushi. (1999). Nihonshi Shōhyakka. Kahei [Small Encyclopedia of Japanese History. Coins]. Tokyo: Tokyodo shuppan. (In Japanese).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Takizawa, Takeo &amp; Nishiwaki, Yasushi. (1999). Nihonshi Shōhyakka. Kahei [Small Encyclopedia of Japanese History. Coins]. Tokyo: Tokyodo shuppan. (In Japanese).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Toyota, Aritsune. (2010). Sekaishi-no Naka-no Iwami Ginzan [The Iwami Silver Mine in World History]. Tokyo: Shodensha shinsho. (In Japanese).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Toyota, Aritsune. (2010). Sekaishi-no Naka-no Iwami Ginzan [The Iwami Silver Mine in World History]. Tokyo: Shodensha shinsho. (In Japanese).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Yamaguchi, Kenjiro. (1996). Edoki Tsuzumi Kingin ni Tsuite [Packaging of Gold and Silver Coins in the Edo Period]. Financial Department of the Bank of Japan. Discussion Materials 96-J-3. Retrieved January 10, 2026 from https://www.imes.boj.or.jp/research/papers/japanese/96-J-03.pdf (In Japanese).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Yamaguchi, Kenjiro. (1996). Edoki Tsuzumi Kingin ni Tsuite [Packaging of Gold and Silver Coins in the Edo Period]. Financial Department of the Bank of Japan. Discussion Materials 96-J-3. Retrieved January 10, 2026 from https://www.imes.boj.or.jp/research/papers/japanese/96-J-03.pdf (In Japanese).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
