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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">japanjournal</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Японские исследования</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Japanese Studies in Russia</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2500-2872</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Association of Japanologists; Institute of China and Modern Asia of the Russian Academy of Sciences</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.55105/2500-2872-2025-1-28-46</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">japanjournal-527</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Частные юридические школы в Японии в период Мэйдзи</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Private law schools in Japan during the Meiji period</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6818-8116</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пужаев</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Puzhaev</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Пужаев Владимир Владимирович, старший преподаватель кафедры трудового и экологического права юридического факультета</p><p>603105, г. Нижний Новгород, ул. Ашхабадская, 4</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Puzhaev Vladimir V., Senior Lecturer at Department of Labor and Environmental Law</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">puzhaev_vl@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7938-5171</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Романовская</surname><given-names>В. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Romanovskaya</surname><given-names>V. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Романовская Вера Борисовна, доктор юридических наук, профессор, заведующий кафедрой теории и истории государства и права юридического факультета</p><p>603105, г. Нижний Новгород, ул. Ашхабадская, 4</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Romanovskaya Vera B., Doctor of Sciences (Law), Professor, Head of the Department of Theory and History of State and Law</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vera_borisovna@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Национальный исследовательский Нижегородский государственный&#13;
университет им. Н.И. Лобачевского</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>National Research Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>21</day><month>04</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>28</fpage><lpage>46</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Пужаев В.В., Романовская В.Б., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Пужаев В.В., Романовская В.Б.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Puzhaev V.V., Romanovskaya V.B.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.japanjournal.ru/jour/article/view/527">https://www.japanjournal.ru/jour/article/view/527</self-uri><abstract><p>В статье изучается история становления и институционализации частного юридического образования в Японии в эпоху Мэйдзи. Хронологические рамки исследования обусловлены тем обстоятельством, что до революции Мэйдзи в Японии не существовало системы профессионального юридического образования, а в социальной структуре японского общества отсутствовала обособленная страта юристов.</p><p>Первые частные юридические школы открылись в Японии в 1880-е гг. Их появление, согласно расхожей точке зрения, явилось формой сопротивления японской либеральной общественности той идеологии и тем принципам, на которых строилось юридическое образование в государственных учебных заведениях (юридической школе Министерства юстиции и юридическом факультете Токийского университета). Вместе с тем небольшой объем разрозненных юридических сведений учащиеся могли получать в 1870-е гг. в частных языковых школах. Однако такая форма образования не давала никаких формальных последствий, поскольку юридической квалификации выпускникам не присваивалось. Значительно большее внимание изучению основ западного права уделялось в рамках деятельности частных учебных групп, которые создавались при ассоциациях «юридических защитников» (代言者 дайгэнся). Эти учебные группы могут быть рассмотрены в качестве предшественников организационно оформленных частных юридических школ.</p><p>В статье дается подробный обзор открытых в период Мэйдзи частных юридических школ, определяется их место в формировавшейся в те годы образовательной системе. Многие из открытых в эпоху Мэйдзи частных школ для юристов, пройдя череду организационных преобразований, в первой половине XX века приобрели официальный статус частных университетов. В статье обращено внимание на особенности «борьбы за влияние» между государственным сектором юридического образования и частными учебными учреждениями, а также на «фракционное соперничество» юридических школ, в которых преподавались разные системы западного права (французское, английское, немецкое). Рассматривается также содержание учебных программ студентов-юристов в некоторых частных школах, определяется роль «почетных нанятых иностранцев» в организации процесса обучения будущих японских правоведов. В заключении авторы приводят свои размышления относительно причин, определивших востребованность юридического образования у японцев в период Мэйдзи. </p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The article examines the history of the formation and institutionalization of private legal education in Japan during the Meiji era. The chronological framework of the study is determined by the fact that, before the Meiji Revolution, there was no system of professional legal education in Japan, and there was no separate stratum of lawyers in the social structure of Japanese society.</p><p>The first private law schools were established in Japan in the 1880s. According to a widely accepted opinion, their appearance was a form of resistance of the Japanese liberal public to the ideology and principles on which legal education was based in state educational institutions (the Law School of the Ministry of Justice and the Faculty of Law of the University of Tokyo). At the same time, a small amount of fragmented legal information was available to Japanese students in the 1870s in private language schools, where foreign languages were taught. However, this form of education did not confer any formal privileges, as graduates were not awarded legal qualifications. Much attention was paid to the study of Western law through the activities of private study groups set up by legal associations of “advocates” (代言者 daigensha). These study groups can be seen as the predecessors of organized private law schools.</p><p>The article provides a detailed overview of the private law schools that opened during the Meiji period and defines their place in the educational system developed in those years. Many of the private law schools opened during the Meiji period underwent a series of organizational changes and acquired the official status of private universities in the first half of the 20th century. The article draws attention to the “struggle for influence” between the public sector of legal education and private institutions, as well as to the “factional rivalry” between law schools that taught different systems of Western law (French, English, German). The article also examines the content of law students’ curricula at some private schools, identifying the role of “honorary hired foreigners” in organizing the education process of future Japanese lawyers. In conclusion, the authors express their own opinions on the reasons that determined the demand for legal education among the Japanese during the Meiji period. </p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>юридическое образование</kwd><kwd>рецепция права</kwd><kwd>Буассонад</kwd><kwd>Мэйдзи</kwd><kwd>университеты</kwd><kwd>история Японии</kwd><kwd>частные юридические школы</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>legal education</kwd><kwd>reception of law</kwd><kwd>Boissonade</kwd><kwd>Meiji</kwd><kwd>universities</kwd><kwd>history of Japan</kwd><kwd>private law schools</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование выполнено при финансовой поддержке РФФИ в рамках научного проекта №20-011-00034 «Правовые воззрения Гюстава Буассонада де Фонтараби и рецепция французского права в Японии».</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The study was funded by RFBR, project No. 20-011-00034 «Legal views of Gustave Boissonade de Fontarabie and the reception of French law in Japan».</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Бугаева Д.П. 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