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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">japanjournal</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Японские исследования</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Japanese Studies in Russia</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2500-2872</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Association of Japanologists; Institute of China and Modern Asia of the Russian Academy of Sciences</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.55105/2500-2872-2024-4-48-69</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">japanjournal-503</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Космическая политика Японии: международно-правовой ракурс</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Japanese space policy: An international legal perspective</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4833-2525</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Вылегжанин</surname><given-names>А. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vylegzhanin</surname><given-names>A. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Вылегжанин Александр Николаевич, доктор юридических наук, профессор, руководитель Лаборатории международно-правовых исследований </p><p>119454, Москва, пр. Вернадского, 76</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vylegzhanin Alexander N., Doctor of Sciences (Law), Professor, Head of the Laboratory of InternationalLegal Research</p><p>76, Vernadskogo Av., Moscow, 119454</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">sopspravo@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3231-8489</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Юзбашян</surname><given-names>М. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Yuzbashyan</surname><given-names>M. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Юзбашян Мариам Романовна, кандидат юридических наук, участник проекта РНФ № 23-18-00977</p><p>119454, Москва, пр. Вернадского, 76</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yuzbashyan Mariam R., PhD in Law, participant of the RSF project No. 23-18-00977</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">m_you@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0650-7243</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мунтян</surname><given-names>М. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Muntian</surname><given-names>M. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мунтян Марина Евгеньевна, аспирантка кафедры международного права </p><p>119454, Москва, пр. Вернадского, 76</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Muntian Marina E., Postgraduate Student, The International Law Department</p><p>76, Vernadskogo Av., Moscow, 119454</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">m.e.muntyan@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>МГИМО МИД России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Moscow State Institute of International Relations (MGIMO University)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>19</day><month>01</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>48</fpage><lpage>69</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Вылегжанин А.Н., Юзбашян М.Р., Мунтян М.Е., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Вылегжанин А.Н., Юзбашян М.Р., Мунтян М.Е.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Vylegzhanin A.N., Yuzbashyan M.R., Muntian M.E.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.japanjournal.ru/jour/article/view/503">https://www.japanjournal.ru/jour/article/view/503</self-uri><abstract><p>Технологические возможности Японии и ее национальные приоритеты в космической политике способствуют быстрому прогрессу в этой области, обеспечивая баланс между научными исследованиями, промышленным развитием и национальной безопасностью. В статье рассматривается японская национальная правовая база, регулирующая космическую деятельность. Анализируются ключевые законодательные акты: Закон о JAXA 2002 г., Основной закон о космосе 2008 г., Закон о космической деятельности 2016 г., Закон о дистанционном зондировании 2016 г. и Закон о поощрении предпринимательской деятельности, связанной с исследованием и освоением космических ресурсов, 2021 г. Указанные акты рассматриваются в контексте применимого международного космического права. Исследуются причины перехода космической политики Японии от «невоенной» к «неагрессивной» в 2008 г. и последствия таких изменений для национального законодательства. Представлен анализ четвертого в мире (после аналогичных актов США, Люксембурга и ОАЭ) закона о природных ресурсах небесных тел, позволяющего частным организациям исследовать и добывать природные ресурсы небесных тел и особенно значимого в свете отсутствия прямого международноправового регулирования природоресурсной деятельности в космосе. В настоящей работе также рассматриваются направления договорно-правовой космической политики Японии, в том числе японо-американское Рамочное соглашение о сотрудничестве в области исследования и использования космического пространства, включая Луну и другие небесные тела, в мирных целях 2023 г., в свете особо тесного японо-американского сотрудничества в области исследования и использования космического пространства. Принятие Японией отдельного закона в отношении исследования и добычи природных ресурсов небесных тел, наряду с участием Японии в таких проектах, как «Артемида», Lunar Gateway и Hakuto-R, свидетельствует о ее растущей роли в международных космических проектах и стремлении к наиболее тесному сотрудничеству с США в области обеспечения национальной безопасности посредством использования космического пространства. В заключении предложены обобщающие констатации.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Japan’s advancements in technology and its strategic focus on space policy have driven swift advancements in the field, attributed to Japan’s ability to balance scientific exploration, industrial growth, and national defense. This article examines Japan’s national legal framework governing space activities. The key pieces of legislation analyzed are the Law Concerning Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency of 2002, the Basic Space Law of 2008, the Act on Launching of Spacecraft, etc. and Control of Spacecraft of 2016, the Act on Ensuring Appropriate Handling of Satellite Remote Sensing Data of 2016, and the Act on the Promotion of Business Activities for the Exploration and Development of Space Resources of 2021. The analysis of these activities is conducted in accordance with the relevant international space legal framework. The article delves into the shift in Japan’s space policy from “non-military” to “non-aggressive” in 2008 and its impact on national legislation. An examination is provided of the fourth law in the world (following similar actions by the USA, Luxembourg, and the UAE) concerning the exploitation of natural resources of celestial bodies, enabling private entities to conduct exploration and extraction activities. This is especially noteworthy given the lack of direct international legal oversight on space resource utilization. This article also examines Japan’s international legal space policy, including the Japan-U.S. Framework Agreement on Cooperation in the Exploration and Peaceful Uses of Outer Space, including the Moon and Other Celestial Bodies 2023, in light of the particularly close Japan-U.S. cooperation in space exploration and use. Japan’s enactment of a law regarding the exploration and exploitation of natural resources of celestial bodies, along with Japan’s participation in projects such as Artemis, Lunar Gateway, and Hakuto-R, demonstrates its growing role in international space projects and its pursuit of the closest possible cooperation with the United States in ensuring national security through the use of outer space. The conclusion offers summarizing statements.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Япония</kwd><kwd>космическая политика</kwd><kwd>международное космическое право</kwd><kwd>природные ресурсы небесных тел</kwd><kwd>космическая деятельность</kwd><kwd>японо-американские отношения</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Japan</kwd><kwd>space policy</kwd><kwd>international space law</kwd><kwd>natural resources of celestial bodies</kwd><kwd>space activities</kwd><kwd>Japanese-American relations</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование выполнено за счет гранта Российского научного фонда № 23-18- 00977, https://rscf.ru/project/23-18-00977/</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">This research was supported by the Russian Science Foundation (grant number 23-18-00977, https://rscf.ru/project/23-18-00977/).</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Вылегжанин А.Н., Юзбашян М.Р., Алексеев М.А. 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