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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">japanjournal</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Японские исследования</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Japanese Studies in Russia</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2500-2872</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Association of Japanologists; Institute of China and Modern Asia of the Russian Academy of Sciences</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.55105/2500-2872-2024-2-133-147</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">japanjournal-491</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Эволюция кластерной политики в Японии</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Evolution of Cluster Policy in Japan</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8703-8487</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Белов</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Belov</surname><given-names>А. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Белов Андрей Васильевич, доктор экономических наук, профессор </p><p>910-1195, Фукуи, Ёсида-гун, Эйхэйдзи-тё, Мацуока-Кэндзёдзима, 4-1-1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Belov, Andrey V., Doctor of Sciences (Economics), Professor</p><p>910-1195, Fukui, Yoshida-gun, Eiheiji-cho, Matsuoka-Kenjojima, 4-1-1</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">abelov@fpu.ac.jp</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Университет префектуры Фукуи</institution><country>Япония</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Fukui Prefectural University</institution><country>Japan</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>18</day><month>10</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>133</fpage><lpage>147</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Белов А.В., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Белов А.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Belov А.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.japanjournal.ru/jour/article/view/491">https://www.japanjournal.ru/jour/article/view/491</self-uri><abstract><p>В данной статье проводится нарративный анализ японской стратегии стимулирования экономического роста через формирование и развитие кластеров, т.е. географически концентрированных групп компаний и организаций, действующих в связанных отраслях. Кластерная политика активно осуществлялась в Японии в 2000–2010 гг., однако в последующем ее реализация была прекращена. Тем не менее, это не означало ни провала политики, ни отказа от поддержки кластеров иными методами. Кроме того, в ходе осуществления кластерных мер удалось накопить позитивный опыт, интересный для многих переходных и развивающихся экономик. С учетом этого вслед за введением в первой части статьи приводится обзор некоторых положений экономико-географической теории, которая характеризует кластеры как важнейший инструмент инновационного развития. Во второй части анализируются особенности зон традиционной концентрации промышленности в Японии, имеющих общие черты с аналогичными образованиями в Англии и Италии и описанными в ранних кластерных исследованиях. В третьей части определяются особенности существующих в Японии кластеров и кластерной политики, такие как выбор целевых отраслей и используемых мер поддержки. Выявляются факторы успеха и ограничения, с которыми сталкивалась японская кластерная политика в период мирового финансового кризиса 2007–2008 гг., формирования оппозиционного демократического правительства в 2009–2012 гг., а также катастрофы 2011 г. и последовавшего ужесточения ситуации с бюджетом. В четвертой части дается описание современного взгляда на стимулирование инновационного процесса в региональном разрезе, получившего название «платформенной модели», а также выделяются причины модификации кластерного подхода. В результате установлено, что многие элементы кластерной политики Японии представляют интерес для стран и регионов, стремящихся использовать кластерный метод как инструмент поддержки инновационного экономического роста. В частности, для постсоветских государств может оказаться полезным японский опыт стимулирования территориальной концентрации, налаживания вертикальной кооперации агропромышленных предприятий, создания кластерных управляющих организаций, а также перехода от узкой кластерной к широкой «платформенной» политике формирования региональных инновационных экосистем.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>This article offers a narrative analysis of Japan’s strategy for fostering economic growth through the establishment and advancement of clusters, defined as geographically concentrated groups of companies and organizations operating within related industries. While cluster policy was actively pursued in Japan from 2000 to 2010, its implementation was subsequently discontinued. However, this cessation did not signify a failure of the policy or a rejection of supporting clusters through alternative means. Furthermore, the implementation of cluster measures yielded valuable insights applicable to numerous transition and developing countries. Following the introduction, the article provides an overview of key concepts from economic-geographical theory, which characterize clusters as pivotal tools for innovative development. The subsequent segment delves into the characteristics of traditional industrial concentration zones in Japan, which share similarities with analogous formations in England and Italy outlined in early cluster studies. The third part scrutinizes existing clusters and cluster policy in Japan, including the selection of target industries and support measures. It identifies the factors contributing to the success of Japanese cluster policy as well as the limitations it faced during the global financial crisis of 2007–2008, the installation of the opposition Democratic government in 2009–2012, and the 2011 disaster alongside subsequent budget constraints. The fourth section elucidates the contemporary approach to fostering the innovation process within a regional context, known as the “platform model,” and underscores the rationale for modifying the cluster approach. Consequently, the article underscores that many facets of Japan’s cluster policy hold relevance for countries and regions aspiring to utilize the cluster method as a means of promoting innovative economic growth. Specifically, Japan’s experience in stimulating territorial concentration, fostering vertical cooperation among agro-industrial enterprises, establishing cluster management organizations, and transitioning from a narrow cluster to a broader “platform” policy for cultivating regional innovation ecosystems may offer valuable insights for post-Soviet states.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>агломерация</kwd><kwd>промышленные кластеры</kwd><kwd>интеллектуальные кластеры</kwd><kwd>кластерная политика</kwd><kwd>региональные инновационные экосистемы</kwd><kwd>экономика Японии</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>agglomeration</kwd><kwd>industrial clusters</kwd><kwd>knowledge clusters</kwd><kwd>cluster policy</kwd><kwd>regional innovation ecosystems</kwd><kwd>economy of Japan.</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Смородинская Н.В., Катуков Д.Д. 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