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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">japanjournal</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Японские исследования</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Japanese Studies in Russia</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2500-2872</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Association of Japanologists; Institute of China and Modern Asia of the Russian Academy of Sciences</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.55105/2500-2872-2023-4-18-32</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">japanjournal-412</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Внешние связи Японии с Китаем и Кореей в эпоху Муромати</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Japan’s relations with China and Korea in the Muromachi era</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сахарова</surname><given-names>Е. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sakharova</surname><given-names>E. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сахарова Евгения Борисовна, кандидат исторических наук, старший научный сотрудник, Институт классического Востока и античности</p><p>106066 г. Москва, Старая Басманная ул., д. 21/4, стр. 3, каб. Л-212</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sakharova Evgeniya B., Candidate of Historical Sciences, Senior Research Fellow, Institute for Oriental and Classical Studies</p><p>106066 Moscow, Staraya Basmannaya St., 21/4, Str. 3, L-212. </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">esakharova@hse.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Национальный исследовательский университет «Высшая школа экономики»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>National Research University Higher School of Economics</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>18</day><month>01</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>18</fpage><lpage>32</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Сахарова Е.Б., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Сахарова Е.Б.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Sakharova E.B.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.japanjournal.ru/jour/article/view/412">https://www.japanjournal.ru/jour/article/view/412</self-uri><abstract><p>В настоящей статье рассматриваются основные этапы и особенности японо-корейских и японо-китайских отношений в эпоху Муромати. С точки зрения международных отношений, это чрезвычайно важный период – шесть столетий спустя Япония вновь начинает поддерживать официальные контакты с соседними странами (отношения с корейским государством Силла были прерваны в 779 г., последнее японское посольство в Танский Китай было отправлено в 838 г.), а в Восточной Азии в целом наблюдается взрывной рост международной торговли. На раннем этапе периода Муромати Япония поддерживала контакты лишь с Рюкю. Несмотря на искреннее желание сёгунов Асикага восстановить добрососедские отношения на официальном уровне, официальные связи с Китаем (империя Мин) и Кореей (государство Чосон) были восстановлены лишь в начале XV в. В статье разбираются основные причины того, почему процесс восстановления возобновления дипломатических отношений оказался столь долгим и сложным. При этом следует иметь в виду – система международных отношений на Дальнем Востоке была устроена таким образом, что только после восстановления официальных контактов возможно было восстановление и официально признанной торговли. Японо-китайские и японо-корейские отношения имели как черты сходства, так и свою специфику. Случались и драматичные повороты: разрывы отношений с Китаем при сёгуне Ёсимоти и даже военное вторжение корейского флота на о. Цусима в 1419 г. В отечественной историографии эта тематика почти не разработана, в связи с чем на данном этапе представляется важным охарактеризовать ключевые события и особенности взаимодействия Японии эпохи Муромати с внешним миром на примере ее тогдашних главных партнеров – Китая и Кореи. Ведь целый ряд особенностей взаимодействия Японии с внешним миром в период Токугава уходят корнями в эпоху Муромати и/или наследуют общие для Восточной Азии культурные модели.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The article describes the main stages and characteristics of Japanese-Korean and Japanese- Chinese relations in the Muromachi era (1333–1573). From an international relations perspective, it is an extremely important period – after six centuries, formal relations with China (Ming) and Korea (Choson) were reestablished (relations with the Korean state of Silla were interrupted in 779; the last Japanese embassy to Tang China was sent in 838), and East Asia in general experienced an explosive growth of international trade. In the early Muromachi period, Japan maintained overseas relations only with Ryukyu. Despite the sincere desire of the Ashikaga shoguns to reestablish formal relations with China (Ming) and Korea (Choson), it happened only at the beginning of the 15th century. The article deals with the main reasons why the restoration process turned out to be so long and complicated. Japan-Ming and Japan- Choson relations had both similarities and their own characteristics. There were also dramatic turns in both Japanese-Chinese and Japanese-Korean relations: breaking of diplomatic relations with Ming China under Shogun Ashikaga Yoshimochi, and even a military invasion of the Tsushima Island by Korean fleet in 1419. In Russian historiography, this topic is almost not developed, and therefore, at this stage, it seems important to characterize the key events and features of the Japanese interaction with the outside world using the example of its main partners, China and Korea. Meanwhile, a number of features of Japan’s interaction with the outside world during the Tokugawa period are rooted in the Muromachi period or inherit common East Asian cultural patterns.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>средневековая Япония</kwd><kwd>международные отношения</kwd><kwd>период Муромати</kwd><kwd>японо-китайские отношения</kwd><kwd>японо-корейские отношения</kwd><kwd>международная торговля</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>medieval Japan</kwd><kwd>Muromachi period</kwd><kwd>Japanese-Korean relations</kwd><kwd>Japanese-Chinese relations</kwd><kwd>international relations</kwd><kwd>foreign trade</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование осуществлено в рамках Программы фундаментальных исследований НИУ ВШЭ.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">This article is an output of a research project implemented as part of the Basic Research Program at the National Research University Higher School of Economics (HSE University).</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Сахарова Е.Б. «Записи о драгоценных для страны добрососедских отношениях». 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