japanjournalЯпонские исследованияJapanese Studies in Russia2500-2872Association of Japanologists; Institute of China and Modern Asia of the Russian Academy of Sciences10.55105/2500-2872-2022-3-50-68japanjournal-279Research ArticleСтатьиКитай и китайское в энциклопедиях жанра сэцуё:сю: на примере энциклопедии «Собрание полезных сведений для горожан» (Токай сэцуё: хяккацу:, Осака, 1801)The image of China and Chinese in setsuyōshū. Case study of “The Complete Compendium of Urban Knowledge” (Tokai setsuyō hyakkatsū, Osaka, 1801)https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9513-0796КиктеваМ. М.KiktevaM. M.

Киктева Мария Максимовна, старший преподаватель

101000, Москва, ул. Мясницкая, 20

Kikteva Maria M., senior lecturer

101000, Moscow, Myasnitskaya, 20

kiktevam@gmail.comНИУ ВШЭ, Школа востоковеденияРоссияSchool of Oriental Studies, Higher School of EconomicsRussian Federation202208102022035068Copyright © Киктева М.М., 20222022Киктева М.М.Kikteva M.M.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.japanjournal.ru/jour/article/view/279

Во второй половине XVIII в. в Японии происходит процесс формирования коллективной идентичности. Немалую роль в этом сыграла массовая доступная литература. В популярных изданиях часто содержатся сведения о географии и истории Китая. В этой работе на примере популярной энциклопедии жанра сэцуё:сю: «Собрание полезных сведений для горожан» мы рассматриваем образ Китая в популярной справочной литературе и его возможную роль в формировании представлений о Японии. Энциклопедия была составлена в Осаке в 1790-х гг. знатоком китайского языка и истории и каллиграфом Такаясу Рооку и представляет собой один из характерных примеров справочных изданий такого рода. Большему в сравнении с другими подобными изданиями содержанию сведений о Китае энциклопедия отчасти обязана, вероятно, профессиональным интересам и знаниям составителя. В энциклопедии содержатся следующие разделы и упоминания Китая: изображение обитателей Китая, Китай на карте мира, стихи и изображения китайских достопримечательностей, изображения выдающихся исторических героев и их краткое жизнеописание, список выдающихся каллиграфов. Как и другие разделы энциклопедии, они содержат подробные иллюстрации. Например, раздел, посвящённый китайскому оружию, изображения озера Сиху, изображение восьми видов Сяо и Сян, изображение китайских и японских героев, жизнеописания выдающихся людей. В некоторых случаях нам удаётся проследить источник заимствования информации о Китае, как, например, в случае с изображением китайского оружия или частично в описании 24 примеров сыновней почтительности. В других случаях, анализируя содержание раздела, например, список выдающихся китайских каллиграфов, мы находим подтверждение общественным вкусам и моде того времени. Отдельное внимание в работе уделено способам именования Китая. В этой работе мы отдельно выделяем способы восприятия и изображения Китая. Это Китай как источник мудрости и добродетели (жизнеописания выдающихся людей, 24 примера сыновней почтительности); Китай как источник культурных заимствований (список каллиграфов); сопоставление с «китайским» для придания значимости «японскому» (стихи и достопримечательности); современный Китай как источник современных знаний, потенциальная угроза и предмет интереса.

During the second half of 18th century, the formation of collective identity continues to proceed in Japan. Popular literature impacted this strongly. A lot of materials published during this period contained knowledge about Chinese history and geography. In this paper, we try to examine the image of China in setsuyōshū as an example of popular mass literature, using the case of “The Complete Compendium of Urban Knowledge”, and the role it played in the formation of the image of Japan. The book was compiled in Osaka at the end of the 18th century and appears to be one of the characteristic examples of the genre. Its author Takayasu Rooku was a well-educated calligrapher and connoisseur of the Chinese language and Chinese history. Due to the professional interests of the compiler, the amount of knowledge about China in the edition is greater than in other similar works. Chapters related to China focus on famous places, heroes, provide a list of calligraphers, show China’s place in the world map and images of Chinese people. Like other chapters of the book, they are accompanied by detailed illustrations: there are images of the eight views of Shao and Shang, Chinese heroes, famous people. We try to trace the source of information, as in the case of the chapter about Chinese arms and partly in the case of the 24 examples of filial piety. In some cases, we can trace the fashion and social tastes of the time: such is the case of the list of great Chinese calligraphers. We also pay attention to how China is called in different parts of the book. We try to examine the ways China was perceived and how its image was formed. We distinguish China as the source of wisdom and virtue; China as the source of cultural borrowings; China as an object of comparison to validate the quality of Japanese famous landscapes; contemporary China as a source of modern knowledge, a potential threat, and an object of interest. 

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.