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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">japanjournal</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Японские исследования</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Japanese Studies in Russia</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2500-2872</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Association of Japanologists; Institute of China and Modern Asia of the Russian Academy of Sciences</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.55105/2500-2872-2022-3-23-38</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">japanjournal-277</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Портретная живопись дзэнской школы О:баку как часть традиции буддийского искусства тиндзо:</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Ōbaku Zen portrait painting as part of the chinzō tradition of Buddhist art</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6531-4743</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лугавцова</surname><given-names>А. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lugavtsova</surname><given-names>A. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Лугавцова Алёна Петровна, кандидат исторических наук, младший научный сотрудник отдела философии, культурологии и религиоведения</p><p>670047, г. Улан-Удэ, ул. Сахьяновой, 6</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Lugavtsova Alyona P., Candidate of Sciences (History), Junior Researcher, Department of Philosophy, Culturology and Religious Studies</p><p>670047, Ulan-Ude, Sakhyanovoi St., 6</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">alena.karnap@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт монголоведения, буддологии и тибетологии Сибирского отделения Российской академии наук (ИМБТ СО РАН)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute for Mongolian, Buddhist and Tibetan Studies of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (IMBTS SB RAS)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>08</day><month>10</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>23</fpage><lpage>38</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Лугавцова А.П., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Лугавцова А.П.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Lugavtsova A.P.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.japanjournal.ru/jour/article/view/277">https://www.japanjournal.ru/jour/article/view/277</self-uri><abstract><p>В статье рассматривается портретная живопись дзэнской школы О:баку, представляющая собой существенную часть творческого наследия последователей данного учения, и её отношение к традиции буддийского портрета тиндзо:. Школа О:баку, третье направление японского дзэн-буддизма после Риндзай и Со:то:, появилась на Японских островах в период Токугава (1603–1868) благодаря прибытию китайских эмигрантов. Искусство монахов О:баку оказало существенное влияние на формирование культурного облика периода Токугава, поскольку всплеск его популярности повлёк за собой трансформацию отдельных жанров и направлений изящных искусств, в частности, живописи, где появились так называемые «китайские стили». Примером этого служит широкое распространение рассматриваемых в статье портретов О:баку.В исследовании анализируются китайские истоки жанра буддийского портрета, его традиционные черты, ставшие ключевыми характеристиками, а также развитие тиндзо: в Японии в Средние века. Отдельное внимание уделяется описанию портретов О:баку как уникального жанра, биографиям наиболее известных портретистов школы, а также разбору имеющихся несоответствий портретов О:баку отдельным стилистическим и функциональным особенностям традиции тиндзо:, причины которых кроются во влиянии на портреты О:баку западной манеры живописи и необходимости выпуска большого количества изображений для новых храмов школы. Автор делает вывод, что, несмотря на очевидные отличия (чёткий акцент на фронтальности, особое использование света и тени, заимствованное у западных художников, многочисленность в противовес штучному характеру), сущность буддийских портретов О:баку соответствует традиции портретов тиндзо:, которые были призваны выразить тесную связь между дзэнским наставником и его учеником, подтверждая достижение им просветления, а также использовались как замещение умершего монаха в ходе храмовых ритуалов. Портреты О:баку продолжили выполнять эти ключевые функции, что позволяет считать их полноправной частью жанра тиндзо:.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The article examines the Ōbaku Zen portrait painting, which is an essential part of the cultural heritage of the sect, and its relation to the tradition of the Buddhist portrait called chinzō. The Ōbaku school, the third branch of Japanese Zen Buddhism after Rinzai and Sōtō, was established in Japan during the Tokugawa period (1603–1868) by Chinese immigrants. The art of the Ōbaku monks had a significant impact on the formation of the cultural image of the Tokugawa period, since the huge surge in its popularity led to the transformation of certain genres of art, in particular, painting, where so called “Chinese styles” appeared. An example of this transformation is the widespread distribution of the Ōbaku portraits, considered in the article.The article analyzes the Chinese origins of the Buddhist portrait genre, its traditional features that became key characteristics, as well as the development of chinzō in medieval Japan. Special attention is paid to the description of Ōbaku portraits as a unique genre and the analysis of the biographies of the sect’s most famous portrait painters. The article also addresses the inconsistencies between Ōbaku portraits and some stylistic and functional features of the chinzō tradition, the reasons for which lie in the influence of Western painting style and the need to produce a large number of images for the new temples of the sect. The author concludes that, despite the obvious differences (a clear emphasis on frontality, a special use of light and shadow borrowed from Western artists, a large number of works produced as opposed to uniqueness), the essence of Ōbaku Buddhist portraits corresponds to the chinzō tradition, which was intended to express a close relationship between a Zen master and his student, to confirm his achievement of enlightenment, and were also used as a substitute for a deceased monk during temple rituals. Ōbaku portraits continued to perform these key functions, which allows them to be considered a full-fledged part of the chinzō genre.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Япония</kwd><kwd>период Токугава</kwd><kwd>буддизм</kwd><kwd>О:баку</kwd><kwd>дзэн</kwd><kwd>живопись</kwd><kwd>буддийские портреты</kwd><kwd>тиндзо:</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Japan</kwd><kwd>the Tokugawa period</kwd><kwd>Buddhism</kwd><kwd>Ōbaku</kwd><kwd>Zen</kwd><kwd>painting</kwd><kwd>Buddhist portraits</kwd><kwd>chinzō</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Статья подготовлена в рамках государственного задания (проект «Трансформация направлений и школ буддизма: история и опыт взаимодействия с религиями и верованиями России, Центральной и Восточной Азии (с периода распространения буддизма до современности: Россия – ХVIII–XXI вв.; Китай – II–XXI вв.; Тибет – VII–XXI вв.; Монголия – ХVI– XXI вв.)») № 121031000261-9.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The reported study was carried out within the state assignment – project «Transformation of Buddhist Trends and Schools: History and Experience of Interaction with Religions and Beliefs of Russia, Central and East Asia (from the Period of Spread of Buddhism to the Present: Russia – 18th – 21st Centuries; China – 2nd – 21st; Tibet – 7th – 21st Centuries; Mongolia – 16th – 21st Centuries)», № 121031000261-9.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Кабанов А.М. 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