japanjournalЯпонские исследованияJapanese Studies in Russia2500-2872Association of Japanologists; Institute of China and Modern Asia of the Russian Academy of Sciences10.24412/2500-2872-2022-1-6-19japanjournal-234Research ArticleСтатьиПроблема социального отчуждения в японском обществе XXI векаProblem of social alienation in the 21st century Japanese societyДолинА. А.DolinA. A.

Долин Александр Аркадьевич, PhD, профессор, Школа востоковедения 

адрес: 101000, Москва, ул. Мясницкая, 20. 

Dolin Alexander A., PhD, Professor, School of Asian Studies, National research university

20, Myasnitskaya Str., Moscow, 101000

adolin@hse.ruНациональный исследовательский университет «Высшая школа экономики» (НИУ ВШЭ)РоссияHigher school of economics‖ (HSE University)Russian Federation20223003202201619Copyright © Долин А.А., 20222022Долин А.А.Dolin A.A.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.japanjournal.ru/jour/article/view/234

В статье анализируется загадочный социальный феномен добровольного затворничества, зародившийся в Японии в конце XX века и ныне получивший широкое распространение почти во всех странах «золотого миллиарда». На основании многочисленных работ японских и западных социологов, психиатров, этнографов и экономистов даѐтся определение социальной группе хикикомори, выявляются причины еѐ появления, рассматривается связь психических отклонений, бытующих среди хикикомори, с историческими переменами и техногенными сдвигами в современном японском обществе, а также аналогичными процессами в других развитых странах. Рассматриваются также предложенные специалистами способы лечения «культурно ориентированного» синдрома хикикомори и перспективы дальнейшего развития этой социальной эпидемии в Японии и во всѐм мире с учѐтом стремительного роста числа хикикомори среди молодѐжи в первые десятилетия ХХI века.

In this paper, the author analyzes a mysterious phenomenon of voluntary seclusion that had emerged as a mental deviation in Japan in the late 20th century, having spread all over the countries of ―the golden billion‖ since that time. On the basis of numerous works by Japanese and Western sociologists, psychiatrists, ethnographers, and economists characteristic features of the social group called hikikomori are given a definition. Factors that had specific impact on its emergence as well as the connection between the mental deviations of hikikomori and historical changes in modern Japanese society with IT technology shifts at the background are scrutinized in comparison with similar processes in other developed countries of the world. The author also focuses on the methods of treatment of this ―culture-bound syndrome‖ suggested by contemporary psychiatry and the prospects of inevitable expansion of the dangerous social epidemic disease regarding dramatic growth of hikikomori among the younger generations in the first decades of the 20th century.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.