<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">japanjournal</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Японские исследования</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Japanese Studies in Russia</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2500-2872</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Association of Japanologists; Institute of China and Modern Asia of the Russian Academy of Sciences</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24411/2500-2872-2019-10022</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">japanjournal-16</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>К вопросу о соперничестве Японии и Китая в Африке и Латинской Америке</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>On the Japan-China rivalry in Africa and Latin America</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сафронова</surname><given-names>Е. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Safronova</surname><given-names>E. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">safronova@ifes-ras.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт Дальнего Востока РАН</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of Far Eastern Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2019</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>27</day><month>12</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>84</fpage><lpage>111</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Сафронова Е.И., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Сафронова Е.И.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Safronova E.I.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.japanjournal.ru/jour/article/view/16">https://www.japanjournal.ru/jour/article/view/16</self-uri><abstract><p>В статье рассматриваются мотивы и направления соперничества Японии и КНР в крупнейших регионах развивающегося мира (РМ) - Африке и Латинской Америке (ЛА). Внешнеэкономические интересы Японии и Китая во многом совпадают, что объективно создаёт базу для конкуренции. Обе страны испытывают острую потребность в энергоресурсах, стремятся диверсифицировать рынки сбыта своей готовой продукции и обеспечить безопасность их углеводородного импорта. Автор подробно характеризует сильные и слабые стороны двух стран в их сотрудничестве с Африкой и ЛА и подчеркивает, что хотя Япония обладает целым рядом ценных преимуществ, Китай, благодаря своей особой финансово-экономической и дипломатической напористости, сохраняет несомненное лидерство в борьбе за влияние в РМ. Объёмы японского торгово-экономического сотрудничества с РМ значительно уступают китайским, однако страна предпринимает весомые усилия по смягчению данного обстоятельства как самостоятельно, так и в опоре на партнёрство с другими государствами, в том числе Индией. В политической сфере соперничество двух стран в РМ обусловлено категорической разнонаправленностью их интересов по территориальным проблемам в Восточно- и Южно-Китайском морях, по вопросу реформы ООН, включая постоянное членство Японии в СБ ООН, а также взаимными историческими «обидами». В ООН и других международных структурах идёт их острая, хотя и вуалируемая, борьба за голоса развивающихся стран. И именно политическая сфера - та сфера, где Китай воспринимает Японию как влиятельнейшего регионального и глобального конкурента. Автор указывает и на особый вектор противостояния Японии и Китая в РМ, порождённый соседством их военно-логистических баз в Африке (Джибути), параллельным участием в международной активности по поддержанию безопасности, включая обеспечение мирного судоходства на морских путях вдоль восточноафриканского побережья, и расширением военно-морского присутствия обеих стран в районе Индийского океана. В статье отмечается, что Японии предстоит пройти немалый путь, чтобы достигнуть сопоставимых с китайскими позиций в РМ. При этом автор характеризует целый ряд преимуществ, которыми обладает Япония по сравнению с Китаем, и подчёркивает, что ближайшей, причём достижимой, задачей для Японии в Африке и Латинской Америке является поддержание и максимальное использование этих преимуществ. При искусном подходе, свойственном Японии, особенно в сложные для неё времена, это может оказаться ключевым решением.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The article discusses motives and directions of Japan-China rivalry in the largest regions of the developing world (DW) - Africa and Latin America (LA). Foreign economic interests of Japan and China largely coincide, and that logically creates basis for competition. Both countries suffer urgent need for energy resources, seek to diversify their finished products’ markets and to secure their hydrocarbon imports. The author describes in detail the strengths and weaknesses of the two countries in their cooperation with Africa and LA and emphasizes that, although Japan has a number of valuable advantages, China, thanks to its special financial, economic, and diplomatic assertiveness, retains undoubted leadership in the struggle for influence in the DW. The volume of Japanese trade and economic cooperation with the DW is significantly inferior to the Chinese one, but the country is taking significant steps to mitigate this situation both independently and in reliance on the partnership with other states, including India. In the political sphere, the rivalry between the two countries in the DW is caused by their strong divergence of views on territorial problems in the East and South China seas, on the issue of the UN reform, including Japan's permanent membership in the UN Security Council, and by mutual historical “grievances” as well. China and Japan wage sharp, though veiled struggle in the UN and other international structures for the voices of developing countries. And the political sphere is the one where China perceives Japan as a highly influential regional and global competitor. The author also points out a special vector of confrontation between Japan and China in the DW generated by the neighborhood of their military and logistics bases in Africa (Djibouti), parallel participation in international security activities, including provision of peaceful navigation on the sea routes along the East African coast, and the expansion of their naval presence in the Indian ocean. Finally, the article notes that Japan has to go a long way to achieve positions in the DW comparable to the Chinese ones. At the same time, the author characterizes a number of advantages that Japan possesses in comparison with China, and emphasizes that the nearest though achievable task for Tokyo in Africa and Latin America is to maintain and maximize these advantages. With the skillful approach peculiar to Japan especially in difficult times, it may become a key decision.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Япония</kwd><kwd>Китай</kwd><kwd>Африка</kwd><kwd>Латинская Америка</kwd><kwd>политико-экономическая конкуренция</kwd><kwd>Форум сотрудничества «Китай-Африка»</kwd><kwd>Токийская международная конференция по развитию Африки</kwd><kwd>Азиатско-африканский коридор роста (ААКР)</kwd><kwd>инициатива «Пояс и путь» (ИПП)</kwd><kwd>ООН</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Japan</kwd><kwd>China</kwd><kwd>Africa</kwd><kwd>Latin America</kwd><kwd>political and economic rivalry</kwd><kwd>Forum on China-Africa Cooperation (FOCAC)</kwd><kwd>Tokyo International Conference on African Development (TICAD)</kwd><kwd>Asia-Africa Growth Corridor (AAGC)</kwd><kwd>“Belt and Road” initiative (BRI)</kwd><kwd>UN</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Добринская О.А. О некоторых аспектах эволюции внешней политики Японии // Японские исследования. 2018. № 2. С. 23-37. DOI: 10.24411/2500-2872-2018-10009</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Добринская О.А. О некоторых аспектах эволюции внешней политики Японии // Японские исследования. 2018. № 2. С. 23-37. DOI: 10.24411/2500-2872-2018-10009</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Зайцев В. Экономические интересы Японии в Африке. URL: https://iq.hse.ru/news/177675362.html (дата обращения: 15.07.2019).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Зайцев В. Экономические интересы Японии в Африке. URL: https://iq.hse.ru/news/177675362.html (дата обращения: 15.07.2019).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Кистанов В.О. Территориальная дипломатия как фокус внешней политики Японии. URL: http://ru.apircenter.org/archives/2768 (дата обращения: 15.08.2019).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Кистанов В.О. Территориальная дипломатия как фокус внешней политики Японии. URL: http://ru.apircenter.org/archives/2768 (дата обращения: 15.08.2019).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ноздрева Р.М. Рыночная экономика и государственное планирование: зарубежный опыт // Вестник МГИМО Университета. 2015. № 6 (45). С.216-223.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ноздрева Р.М. Рыночная экономика и государственное планирование: зарубежный опыт // Вестник МГИМО Университета. 2015. № 6 (45). С.216-223.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Панов А.Н., Нелидов В.В. Внешняя политика Японии в контексте военно-политической обстановки в Северо-Восточной Азии // Японские исследования. 2018. № 4. С. 78-91. DOI: 10.24411/2500-2872-2018-10029</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Панов А.Н., Нелидов В.В. Внешняя политика Японии в контексте военно-политической обстановки в Северо-Восточной Азии // Японские исследования. 2018. № 4. С. 78-91. DOI: 10.24411/2500-2872-2018-10029</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Сафронова Е.И. Китай - развивающийся мир: концепции и актуальная практика отношений (на примере Африки и Латинской Америки). М.: ИД «Форум», 2018. 336 c.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Сафронова Е.И. Китай - развивающийся мир: концепции и актуальная практика отношений (на примере Африки и Латинской Америки). М.: ИД «Форум», 2018. 336 c.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Сайт Общества «Россия-Япония». URL: https://russiajapansociety.ru/?p=7507 (accessed: 16.08.2019).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Сайт Общества «Россия-Япония». URL: https://russiajapansociety.ru/?p=7507 (accessed: 16.08.2019).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Стрельцов Д.В. Внешнеполитические приоритеты Японии в Азиатско-Тихоокеанском регионе. М.: Восточная литература, 2015. 279 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Стрельцов Д.В. Внешнеполитические приоритеты Японии в Азиатско-Тихоокеанском регионе. М.: Восточная литература, 2015. 279 с.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ханенкова Е. Япония делит Африку с Китаем. URL: https://centrasia.org/newsA.php?st=1472619540 (дата обращения: 15.07.2019).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ханенкова Е. Япония делит Африку с Китаем. URL: https://centrasia.org/newsA.php?st=1472619540 (дата обращения: 15.07.2019).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Шитов А.В. Вашингтон готовится победить Пекин на просторах двух океанов. Индо-Тихоокеанская стратегия США и связанные с ней угрозы для безопасности КНР // Независимая газета. 31.01.2019. URL: http://nvo.ng.ru/concepts/2019-01-31/1_1032_strategy.html (дата обращения: 15.08.2019).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Шитов А.В. Вашингтон готовится победить Пекин на просторах двух океанов. Индо-Тихоокеанская стратегия США и связанные с ней угрозы для безопасности КНР // Независимая газета. 31.01.2019. URL: http://nvo.ng.ru/concepts/2019-01-31/1_1032_strategy.html (дата обращения: 15.08.2019).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">A China-Japan Summit with Global Reach. Bloomberg Editorial. URL: https://www.bloomberg.com/opinion/articles/2018-10-24/china-japan-summit-has-global-significance?srnd=opinion (дата обращения: 16.08.2019).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">A China-Japan Summit with Global Reach. Bloomberg Editorial. URL: https://www.bloomberg.com/opinion/articles/2018-10-24/china-japan-summit-has-global-significance?srnd=opinion (дата обращения: 16.08.2019).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Adesina Akinwumi. Africa and India - sharing the development journey. URL: https://www.ghanabusinessnews.com/2017/05/11/africa-and-india-sharing-the-development-journey/ (дата обращения: 15.08.2019).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Adesina Akinwumi. Africa and India - sharing the development journey. URL: https://www.ghanabusinessnews.com/2017/05/11/africa-and-india-sharing-the-development-journey/ (дата обращения: 15.08.2019).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Africa-Japan Business Investment Forum attracts key business actors. URL: https://africanbusinessmagazine.com/press/africa-japan-business-investment-forum-attracts-key-business-actors/ (дата обращения: 15.07.2019).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Africa-Japan Business Investment Forum attracts key business actors. URL: https://africanbusinessmagazine.com/press/africa-japan-business-investment-forum-attracts-key-business-actors/ (дата обращения: 15.07.2019).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Al Jazeera news and agencies. URL: https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2016/08/japan-pledges-invest-30bn-africa-160827175912890.html (дата обращения: 15.07.2019).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Al Jazeera news and agencies. URL: https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2016/08/japan-pledges-invest-30bn-africa-160827175912890.html (дата обращения: 15.07.2019).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Asia-Africa Growth Corridor. Partnership for Sustainable and Innovative development. - A Vision Document. URL: http://www.eria.org/Asia-Africa-Growth-Corridor-Document.pdf (дата обращения: 15.07.2019).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Asia-Africa Growth Corridor. Partnership for Sustainable and Innovative development. - A Vision Document. URL: http://www.eria.org/Asia-Africa-Growth-Corridor-Document.pdf (дата обращения: 15.07.2019).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Asia-Africa Report: It’s not only about China. URL: https://africanbusinessmagazine.com/uncategorised/continental/asia-africa-not-china (дата обращения: 15.07.2019).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Asia-Africa Report: It’s not only about China. URL: https://africanbusinessmagazine.com/uncategorised/continental/asia-africa-not-china (дата обращения: 15.07.2019).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Avendano Rolando, Melguizo Angel, Miner Sean. Chinese FDI in Latin America: New Trends with Global Implications. URL: https://www.atlanticcouncil.org/images/publications/Chinese_FDI_in_Latin_America_web_0626.pdf (дата обращения: 15.07.2019).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Avendano Rolando, Melguizo Angel, Miner Sean. Chinese FDI in Latin America: New Trends with Global Implications. URL: https://www.atlanticcouncil.org/images/publications/Chinese_FDI_in_Latin_America_web_0626.pdf (дата обращения: 15.07.2019).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Basu Titli. Thinking Africa: India, Japan, and the Asia-Africa Growth Corridor. URL: https://thediplomat.com/2017/06/thinking-africa-india-japan-and-the-asia-africa-growth-corridor/ (дата обращения: 15.07.2019).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Basu Titli. Thinking Africa: India, Japan, and the Asia-Africa Growth Corridor. URL: https://thediplomat.com/2017/06/thinking-africa-india-japan-and-the-asia-africa-growth-corridor/ (дата обращения: 15.07.2019).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Beri Ruchita. India’s New Initiative in Africa: The Asia-Africa Growth Corridor. URL: https://idsa.in/idsacomments/indias-new-initiative-in-africa-asia-africa-growth-corridor_rberi_130617#footnote6_5schlzt (дата обращения: 15.07.2019).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Beri Ruchita. India’s New Initiative in Africa: The Asia-Africa Growth Corridor. URL: https://idsa.in/idsacomments/indias-new-initiative-in-africa-asia-africa-growth-corridor_rberi_130617#footnote6_5schlzt (дата обращения: 15.07.2019).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bharati Mausam. Asia-Africa Growth Corridor (AAGC) - A Game Changer? URL: https://www.clearias.com/asia-africa-growth-corridor/ (дата обращения: 15.07.2019).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bharati Mausam. Asia-Africa Growth Corridor (AAGC) - A Game Changer? URL: https://www.clearias.com/asia-africa-growth-corridor/ (дата обращения: 15.07.2019).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Boguslavskiy Alexey. Japan-China: Fighting for Africa? URL: https://russiancouncil.ru/en/analytics-and-comments/analytics/japan-china-fighting-for-africa/?sphrase_id=30385699 (дата обращения: 15.07.2019).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Boguslavskiy Alexey. Japan-China: Fighting for Africa? URL: https://russiancouncil.ru/en/analytics-and-comments/analytics/japan-china-fighting-for-africa/?sphrase_id=30385699 (дата обращения: 15.07.2019).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">China invertirá US$60.000 millones para el desarrollo de África// El Comercio (Lima).03.09.2018. URL: https://elcomercio.pe/mundo/actualidad/china-xi-jinping-china-invertira-us-60-000-millones-desarrollo-africa-nndc-noticia-553336 (дата обращения: 15.07.2019).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">China invertirá US$60.000 millones para el desarrollo de África// El Comercio (Lima).03.09.2018. URL: https://elcomercio.pe/mundo/actualidad/china-xi-jinping-china-invertira-us-60-000-millones-desarrollo-africa-nndc-noticia-553336 (дата обращения: 15.07.2019).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">China-Latin America Economic Bulletin 2019 Edition / Global Economic Governance Initiative. URL: http://www.bu.edu/gdp/files/2019/05/GCI-Bulletin-Final-2019 (дата обращения: 15.08.2019).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">China-Latin America Economic Bulletin 2019 Edition / Global Economic Governance Initiative. URL: http://www.bu.edu/gdp/files/2019/05/GCI-Bulletin-Final-2019 (дата обращения: 15.08.2019).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit24"><label>24</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Connars Jonathan. Can Japan Challenge China in Africa? URL: https://thediplomat.com/2016/09/can-japan-challenge-china-in-africa (дата обращения: 15.07.2019).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Connars Jonathan. Can Japan Challenge China in Africa? URL: https://thediplomat.com/2016/09/can-japan-challenge-china-in-africa (дата обращения: 15.07.2019).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit25"><label>25</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Darboe Mustapha. Japan backs African call for UN Security Council reform. URL: https://www.aa.com.tr/en/africa/japan-backs-african-call-for-un-security-council-reform/591004 (дата обращения: 15.07.2019).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Darboe Mustapha. Japan backs African call for UN Security Council reform. URL: https://www.aa.com.tr/en/africa/japan-backs-african-call-for-un-security-council-reform/591004 (дата обращения: 15.07.2019).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit26"><label>26</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Davidson John D. How China’s Expansionist Foreign Policy Threatens the Globe. URL: https://thefederalist.com/2016/04/12/china-expansionist-foreign-policy (дата обращения: 16.08. 2019).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Davidson John D. How China’s Expansionist Foreign Policy Threatens the Globe. URL: https://thefederalist.com/2016/04/12/china-expansionist-foreign-policy (дата обращения: 16.08. 2019).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit27"><label>27</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Dollar David. China’s Investment in Latin America. Brookings assessment and analysis. URL: https://www.brookings.edu/research/chinas-investment-in-latin-america/ (дата обращения: 15.07.2019).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Dollar David. China’s Investment in Latin America. Brookings assessment and analysis. URL: https://www.brookings.edu/research/chinas-investment-in-latin-america/ (дата обращения: 15.07.2019).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit28"><label>28</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ferchen Matt, Perera Anarkalee. Why unsustainable Chinese infrastructure deals are two-way-street. URL: https://carnegietsinghua.org/2019/07/23/why-unsustainable-chinese-infrastructure-deals-are-two-way-street-pub-79548 (дата обращения: 15.07.2019).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ferchen Matt, Perera Anarkalee. Why unsustainable Chinese infrastructure deals are two-way-street. URL: https://carnegietsinghua.org/2019/07/23/why-unsustainable-chinese-infrastructure-deals-are-two-way-street-pub-79548 (дата обращения: 15.07.2019).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit29"><label>29</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">FOCAC official website. URL: http://www.focac.org/eng/ltda/dwjbzjjhys_1/t1322068.htm (дата обращения: 15.08.2019).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">FOCAC official website. URL: http://www.focac.org/eng/ltda/dwjbzjjhys_1/t1322068.htm (дата обращения: 15.08.2019).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit30"><label>30</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Foreign Ministry Spokesperson Hua Chunying's Regular Press Conference on August 29, 2016. URL: https://www.fmprc.gov.cn/mfa_eng/xwfw_665399/s2510_665401/2511_665403/t1392725.shtml (дата обращения: 15.07.2019).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Foreign Ministry Spokesperson Hua Chunying's Regular Press Conference on August 29, 2016. URL: https://www.fmprc.gov.cn/mfa_eng/xwfw_665399/s2510_665401/2511_665403/t1392725.shtml (дата обращения: 15.07.2019).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit31"><label>31</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">GSDRC. Governance, social development, conflict and humanitarian knowledge Center. China’s aid to developing countries. URL: https://gsdrc.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/10/177_China_aid.pdf (дата обращения: 15.08.2019).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">GSDRC. Governance, social development, conflict and humanitarian knowledge Center. China’s aid to developing countries. URL: https://gsdrc.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/10/177_China_aid.pdf (дата обращения: 15.08.2019).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit32"><label>32</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Inter-American Development Bank. Japan and Latin America and the Caribbean: building a sustainable trans-pacific relationship / Integration and Trade Sector. URL: https://publications.iadb.org/en/bitstream/handle/11319/3678/Japan%20LAC%2011-6-13final.pdf?sequence=1 (дата обращения: 17.08.2019).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Inter-American Development Bank. Japan and Latin America and the Caribbean: building a sustainable trans-pacific relationship / Integration and Trade Sector. URL: https://publications.iadb.org/en/bitstream/handle/11319/3678/Japan%20LAC%2011-6-13final.pdf?sequence=1 (дата обращения: 17.08.2019).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit33"><label>33</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">International Trade Center. Trade statistics for international business development. Trade Map. URL: https://www.trademap.org/Bilateral (дата обращения: 15.07.2019).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">International Trade Center. Trade statistics for international business development. Trade Map. URL: https://www.trademap.org/Bilateral (дата обращения: 15.07.2019).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit34"><label>34</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Japan-increases-its-investments-in Africa. Stratfor analysis. URL: https://worldview.stratfor.com/article/japan-increases-its-investments-africa (дата обращения: 18.08.2019).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Japan-increases-its-investments-in Africa. Stratfor analysis. URL: https://worldview.stratfor.com/article/japan-increases-its-investments-africa (дата обращения: 18.08.2019).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit35"><label>35</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Jennings Ralph. Japan Slowly Challenges China's Dominance as an Investor in Africa. URL: http://www.voiceofafrica.tv/en/japan-slowly-challenges-china-s-dominance-as-an-investor-in-africa-d5450 (дата обращения: 15.07.2019).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Jennings Ralph. Japan Slowly Challenges China's Dominance as an Investor in Africa. URL: http://www.voiceofafrica.tv/en/japan-slowly-challenges-china-s-dominance-as-an-investor-in-africa-d5450 (дата обращения: 15.07.2019).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit36"><label>36</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kuo Lily. The diplomatic battle between China and Japan is taking a Latin American road trip. URL: https://qz.com/241137/latin-america-is-china-and-japans-latest-battleground-for-public-opinion/ (дата обращения: 15.07.2019).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kuo Lily. The diplomatic battle between China and Japan is taking a Latin American road trip. URL: https://qz.com/241137/latin-america-is-china-and-japans-latest-battleground-for-public-opinion/ (дата обращения: 15.07.2019).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit37"><label>37</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">METI (Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry of Japan). White Paper on International Economy and Trade 2017. P.640. URL: https://www.meti.go.jp/english/report/data/wp2017/pdf/3-3-1.pdf (дата обращения: 17.08.2019).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">METI (Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry of Japan). White Paper on International Economy and Trade 2017. P.640. URL: https://www.meti.go.jp/english/report/data/wp2017/pdf/3-3-1.pdf (дата обращения: 17.08.2019).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit38"><label>38</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">METI (Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry of Japan). White Paper on International Economy and Trade 2018. P.604. URL: https://www.meti.go.jp/english/report/data/wp2018/pdf/3-2-6.pdf (дата обращения: 17.08.2019).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">METI (Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry of Japan). White Paper on International Economy and Trade 2018. P.604. URL: https://www.meti.go.jp/english/report/data/wp2018/pdf/3-2-6.pdf (дата обращения: 17.08.2019).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit39"><label>39</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mikio Sasaki. About Japan Association of Latin America and the Caribbean (JALAC). URL: https://latin-america.jp/en/about (дата обращения: 15.07.2019).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mikio Sasaki. About Japan Association of Latin America and the Caribbean (JALAC). URL: https://latin-america.jp/en/about (дата обращения: 15.07.2019).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit40"><label>40</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ministry of Commerce of the People’s Republic of China. Statistics on China-Africa Trade in 2018. URL: http://english.mofcom.gov.cn/article/statistic/lanmubb/AsiaAfrica/201901/20190102831255.shtml (дата обращения: 15.08.2019).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ministry of Commerce of the People’s Republic of China. Statistics on China-Africa Trade in 2018. URL: http://english.mofcom.gov.cn/article/statistic/lanmubb/AsiaAfrica/201901/20190102831255.shtml (дата обращения: 15.08.2019).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit41"><label>41</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Myers Margaret, Akio Hosono. Japanese Engagement with LAC: Advancing Relations in an Era of Uncertainty. URL: https://www.thedialogue.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/04/Report-Japan-LAC.pdf (дата обращения: 15.07.2019).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Myers Margaret, Akio Hosono. Japanese Engagement with LAC: Advancing Relations in an Era of Uncertainty. URL: https://www.thedialogue.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/04/Report-Japan-LAC.pdf (дата обращения: 15.07.2019).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit42"><label>42</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">OECD. Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. Geographical Distribution of Financial Flows to Developing Countries 2019. URL: https://read.oecd-ilibrary.org/development/geographical-distribution-of-financial-flows-to-developing-countries-2019_fin_flows_dev-2019-en-fr#page52 (дата обращения: 16.08. 2019).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">OECD. Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. Geographical Distribution of Financial Flows to Developing Countries 2019. URL: https://read.oecd-ilibrary.org/development/geographical-distribution-of-financial-flows-to-developing-countries-2019_fin_flows_dev-2019-en-fr#page52 (дата обращения: 16.08. 2019).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit43"><label>43</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">O que Japão, Coreia do Sul e China estão à procura na América Latina? URL: https://br.sputniknews.com/opiniao/2018110812627352-china-japao-coreia-sul-interesse-america-latina/ (дата обращения: 15.07.2019).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">O que Japão, Coreia do Sul e China estão à procura na América Latina? URL: https://br.sputniknews.com/opiniao/2018110812627352-china-japao-coreia-sul-interesse-america-latina/ (дата обращения: 15.07.2019).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit44"><label>44</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Proctor, K. China and Africa: What the U.S. doesn't understand. URL: http://fortune.com/2013/07/02/china-and-africa-what-the-u-s-doesnt-understand (дата обращения: 15.08.2019).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Proctor, K. China and Africa: What the U.S. doesn't understand. URL: http://fortune.com/2013/07/02/china-and-africa-what-the-u-s-doesnt-understand (дата обращения: 15.08.2019).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit45"><label>45</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ranjan Atul. JETRO to push Japan-India business collaboration in Africa. URL: https://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2017/02/05/national/jetro-push-japan-india-business-collaboration-africa/#.xtmpdp65u1t (дата обращения: 15.07.2019).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ranjan Atul. JETRO to push Japan-India business collaboration in Africa. URL: https://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2017/02/05/national/jetro-push-japan-india-business-collaboration-africa/#.xtmpdp65u1t (дата обращения: 15.07.2019).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit46"><label>46</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Rivera Yánez Fausto. Japón se acerca a América Latina// El Telégrafo - noticias del Ecuador y del mundo. 20 de Febrero. URL: https://www.eltelegrafo.com.ec/noticias/economia/4/japon-se-acerca-a-america-latina (дата обращения: 15.07.2019).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rivera Yánez Fausto. Japón se acerca a América Latina// El Telégrafo - noticias del Ecuador y del mundo. 20 de Febrero. URL: https://www.eltelegrafo.com.ec/noticias/economia/4/japon-se-acerca-a-america-latina (дата обращения: 15.07.2019).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit47"><label>47</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Rodríguez Aranda Isabel, Leiva Van de Maele Diego. El soft power en la política exterior de China: consecuencias para América Latina. URL: https://polis.revues.org/9179 (дата обращения: 15.07.2019).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rodríguez Aranda Isabel, Leiva Van de Maele Diego. El soft power en la política exterior de China: consecuencias para América Latina. URL: https://polis.revues.org/9179 (дата обращения: 15.07.2019).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit48"><label>48</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ryall Julian. Japan to expand Djibouti base despite decline in piracy. URL: https://www.dw.com/en/japan-to-expand-djibouti-base-despite-decline-in-piracy/a-46356825 (дата обращения: 15.07.2019).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ryall Julian. Japan to expand Djibouti base despite decline in piracy. URL: https://www.dw.com/en/japan-to-expand-djibouti-base-despite-decline-in-piracy/a-46356825 (дата обращения: 15.07.2019).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit49"><label>49</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Saki Hayashi. Japan's one-stop shop for Africa projects aims to match China. URL: https://asia.nikkei.com/Economy/Japan-s-one-stop-shop-for-Africa-projects-aims-to-match-China (дата обращения: 15.07.2019).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Saki Hayashi. Japan's one-stop shop for Africa projects aims to match China. URL: https://asia.nikkei.com/Economy/Japan-s-one-stop-shop-for-Africa-projects-aims-to-match-China (дата обращения: 15.07.2019).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit50"><label>50</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sall Ousmane. Chinese Soft Power in Africa: Case of Senegal // Open Journal of Social Sciences. 2016. № 4. P. 133-142.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sall Ousmane. Chinese Soft Power in Africa: Case of Senegal // Open Journal of Social Sciences. 2016. № 4. P. 133-142.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit51"><label>51</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sow, Mariama. Figures of the week: Chinese investment in Africa. Brookings assessment and analysis. URL: https://www.brookings.edu/blog/africa-in-focus/2018/09/06/figures-of-the-weekchinese-investment-in-africa (дата обращения: 15.08.2019).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sow, Mariama. Figures of the week: Chinese investment in Africa. Brookings assessment and analysis. URL: https://www.brookings.edu/blog/africa-in-focus/2018/09/06/figures-of-the-weekchinese-investment-in-africa (дата обращения: 15.08.2019).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit52"><label>52</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Takashi Shiraishi. Special to the Yomiuri Shimbun // The Yomiuri Shimbun. 08.05.2018. Takashi Shiraishi. What the 'Indo-Pacific' means for Japan. URL:</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Takashi Shiraishi. Special to the Yomiuri Shimbun // The Yomiuri Shimbun. 08.05.2018. Takashi Shiraishi. What the 'Indo-Pacific' means for Japan. URL:</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit53"><label>53</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">https://www.straitstimes.com/asia/east-asia/what-the-indo-pacific-means-for-japan-the-yomiurishimbun (дата обращения: 15.07.2019).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">https://www.straitstimes.com/asia/east-asia/what-the-indo-pacific-means-for-japan-the-yomiurishimbun (дата обращения: 15.07.2019).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit54"><label>54</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Taku Miyazaki. How Japan’s Investment in Africa is on the Rise. URL: http://africabusiness2020.com/2018/08/06/japans-investment-africa-rise (дата обращения: 15.07.2019).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Taku Miyazaki. How Japan’s Investment in Africa is on the Rise. URL: http://africabusiness2020.com/2018/08/06/japans-investment-africa-rise (дата обращения: 15.07.2019).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit55"><label>55</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">The Sixth TICAD and Chinese Reservations on Japanese Pledged Development Aid to Africa. URL: http://www.thisdaylive.com/index.php/2016/09/04/the-sixth-ticad-and-chinesereservations-on-japanese-pledged-development-aid-to-africa/ (дата обращения: 15.07.2019).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">The Sixth TICAD and Chinese Reservations on Japanese Pledged Development Aid to Africa. URL: http://www.thisdaylive.com/index.php/2016/09/04/the-sixth-ticad-and-chinesereservations-on-japanese-pledged-development-aid-to-africa/ (дата обращения: 15.07.2019).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit56"><label>56</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">TICAD VI Nairobi Declaration. Advancing Africa’s sustainable development agenda TICAD partnership for prosperity. URL: https://www.mofa.go.jp/af/af1/page3e_000543.html (дата обращения: 15.07.2019).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">TICAD VI Nairobi Declaration. Advancing Africa’s sustainable development agenda TICAD partnership for prosperity. URL: https://www.mofa.go.jp/af/af1/page3e_000543.html (дата обращения: 15.07.2019).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit57"><label>57</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tokyo International Conference on African Development (TICAD) Ministerial Meeting (Overview). October, 7. 2018. URL: https://www.mofa.go.jp/af/af1/page23e_000535.html (дата обращения: 15.07.2019).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tokyo International Conference on African Development (TICAD) Ministerial Meeting (Overview). October, 7. 2018. URL: https://www.mofa.go.jp/af/af1/page23e_000535.html (дата обращения: 15.07.2019).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit58"><label>58</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">UNCTAD. World Investment Report 2017. URL: https://unctad.org/en/PublicationsLibrary/wir2017_en.pdf (дата обращения: 15.07.2019).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">UNCTAD. World Investment Report 2017. URL: https://unctad.org/en/PublicationsLibrary/wir2017_en.pdf (дата обращения: 15.07.2019).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit59"><label>59</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">UNCTAD. World Investment Report 2018. URL: https://unctad.org/en/PublicationsLibrary/wir2018_en.pdf (дата обращения: 15.07.2019).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">UNCTAD. World Investment Report 2018. URL: https://unctad.org/en/PublicationsLibrary/wir2018_en.pdf (дата обращения: 15.07.2019).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit60"><label>60</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">UNCTAD. World Investment Report 2019. URL: https://unctad.org/en/PublicationsLibrary/wir2019_en.pdf (дата обращения: 15.07.2019).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">UNCTAD. World Investment Report 2019. URL: https://unctad.org/en/PublicationsLibrary/wir2019_en.pdf (дата обращения: 15.07.2019).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit61"><label>61</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">US Department of Defense. Indo-Pacific Strategy Report-2019. URL: https://media.defense.gov/2019/Jul/01/2002152311/-1/-1/1/DEPARTMENT-OF-DEFENSE-INDOPACIFIC-STRATEGY-REPORT-2019.PDF (дата обращения: 15.07.2019).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">US Department of Defense. Indo-Pacific Strategy Report-2019. URL: https://media.defense.gov/2019/Jul/01/2002152311/-1/-1/1/DEPARTMENT-OF-DEFENSE-INDOPACIFIC-STRATEGY-REPORT-2019.PDF (дата обращения: 15.07.2019).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit62"><label>62</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Why this time Japan means business. URL: https://africanbusinessmagazine.com/companyprofile/ticad/time-japan-means-business/ (дата обращения: 15.07.2019).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Why this time Japan means business. URL: https://africanbusinessmagazine.com/companyprofile/ticad/time-japan-means-business/ (дата обращения: 15.07.2019).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit63"><label>63</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">World Bank. World Integrated Trade Solution (WITS). URL: https://wits.worldbank.org (дата обращения: 15.07.2019).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">World Bank. World Integrated Trade Solution (WITS). URL: https://wits.worldbank.org (дата обращения: 15.07.2019).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit64"><label>64</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Yokohama Declaration 2013. Hand in Hand with a More Dynamic Africa. URL: https://www.mofa.go.jp/region/page3e_000053.html (дата обращения: 15.07.2019).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Yokohama Declaration 2013. Hand in Hand with a More Dynamic Africa. URL: https://www.mofa.go.jp/region/page3e_000053.html (дата обращения: 15.07.2019).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit65"><label>65</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Yuichi Hosoya. Why Abe's Global Strategy is important: Japan's Foreign and Security Policy under Prime Minister Shinzo Abe. URL: https://www.ispionline.it/en/pubblicazione/why-abesglobal-strategy-important-japans-foreign-and-security-policy-under-prime-minister-shinzo-abe-16181 (дата обращения: 14.08.2019).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Yuichi Hosoya. Why Abe's Global Strategy is important: Japan's Foreign and Security Policy under Prime Minister Shinzo Abe. URL: https://www.ispionline.it/en/pubblicazione/why-abesglobal-strategy-important-japans-foreign-and-security-policy-under-prime-minister-shinzo-abe-16181 (дата обращения: 14.08.2019).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit66"><label>66</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Yun Sun. Inserting Africa into China’s One Belt, One Road strategy. Brookings assessment and analysis. URL: http://www.brookings.edu/blogs/africa-in-focus/posts/2015/03/02-africa-chinajobs-infrastructure-sun (дата обращения: 15.08.2019).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Yun Sun. Inserting Africa into China’s One Belt, One Road strategy. Brookings assessment and analysis. URL: http://www.brookings.edu/blogs/africa-in-focus/posts/2015/03/02-africa-chinajobs-infrastructure-sun (дата обращения: 15.08.2019).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit67"><label>67</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Yun Sun. Rising Sino-Japanese competition in Africa. Brookings assessment and analysis. URL: https://www.brookings.edu/blog/africa-in-focus/2016/08/31/rising-sino-japanesecompetition-in-africa/ (дата обращения: 15.07.2019).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Yun Sun. Rising Sino-Japanese competition in Africa. Brookings assessment and analysis. URL: https://www.brookings.edu/blog/africa-in-focus/2016/08/31/rising-sino-japanesecompetition-in-africa/ (дата обращения: 15.07.2019).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit68"><label>68</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zhixing Zhang. China Takes an Expansionist View of Geopolitics. URL: https://worldview.stratfor.com/article/china-takes-expansionist-view-geopolitics (дата обращения: 15.08.2019).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zhixing Zhang. China Takes an Expansionist View of Geopolitics. URL: https://worldview.stratfor.com/article/china-takes-expansionist-view-geopolitics (дата обращения: 15.08.2019).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
